# shrinkiatry (full) > Full machine-readable index of shrinkiatry.com, the profession layer of The Shrink Network. Written and reviewed by Shariq Refai, MD, MBA, FAPA, a board-certified psychiatrist. Professional commentary and education, not medical advice. This is the expanded companion to https://shrinkiatry.com/llms.txt . Machine-readable concept map: https://shrinkiatry.com/concepts.json . Sitemap: https://shrinkiatry.com/sitemap.xml . ## Named system (flagship) - The Psychiatry Operating Room (https://shrinkiatry.com/psychiatry-operating-room/): shrinkiatry's flagship named system, an interactive map of twelve behind-the-scenes areas of psychiatric practice (training, clinical judgment, documentation, telepsychiatry, ethics, medication systems, business model, economics, AI and technology, burnout, patient access, and the future of psychiatry). Every article on shrinkiatry references it. ## The Shrink Network shrinkiatry is the profession layer of The Shrink Network (https://shrinknetwork.com). Sibling sites: ShrinkDaily (https://shrinkdaily.com), Shrinkopedia (https://shrinkopedia.com), Shrinktionary (https://shrinktionary.com), PsychiatryRx (https://psychiatryrx.org), AnxietyResource (https://anxietyresource.org), DepressionResource (https://depressionresource.org), AnxietyResearch (https://anxietyresearch.org), shrinQ (https://shrinq.com), Unstuck (https://beunstuck.app), QuitScrolling (https://quitscrolling.app), shrinkMD (https://shrinkmd.com), Shariq Refai (https://shariqrefai.com). Shared identity nodes: Person @id https://shariqrefai.com/#person; network Organization @id https://shrinknetwork.com/#organization. ## Full page index (95 pages) ### Home - [shrinkiatry | The Profession. Understood.](https://shrinkiatry.com/): shrinkiatry explains the profession, culture, business, ethics, training, technology, and behind-the-scenes realities of psychiatry. Part of The Shrink Network. ### Flagship: The Psychiatry Operating Room - [The Psychiatry Operating Room | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/psychiatry-operating-room/): The behind-the-scenes map of psychiatric practice: training, judgment, documentation, telepsychiatry, ethics, medication rules, AI, and access. ### Decoder - [Why stimulants need an in-person visit | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/decoder/why-stimulants-need-an-in-person-visit/): Why a stimulant like Adderall often isn't prescribed at a first telehealth visit, covering Schedule II rules, the shifting telehealth flexibilities (dated), the diagnosis, and misuse and shortage. - [Why prior authorization delays your medication | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/decoder/why-prior-authorization-delays-medication/): What prior authorization is, why it delays care, and where it sits in the parity debate as a nonquantitative treatment limitation. - [The Psychiatry Decoder | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/decoder/): Plain-English answers to the puzzling realities of psychiatric care: why visits feel short, why the notes, why slow dose changes, and why the wait. - [Why a diagnosis can change over time | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/decoder/why-a-diagnosis-can-change/): Why a psychiatric diagnosis can change: the first one is a working hypothesis, and updating it as the picture clarifies is careful medicine. - [Why appointments can feel short | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/decoder/why-appointments-feel-short/): Why psychiatric appointments feel short: medication-management visits, billing codes, documentation, and the workforce shortage all compress the time. - [Why controlled substances have extra rules | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/decoder/why-controlled-substances-have-extra-rules/): Why controlled substances carry extra rules: stimulants and benzodiazepines are federally scheduled, which drives refills, visits, and telehealth limits. - [Why getting an appointment is so hard | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/decoder/why-getting-an-appointment-is-hard/): Why getting a psychiatry appointment is hard: a real workforce shortage, thin insurance networks, and uneven geography, all at once. - [Why medication changes are gradual | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/decoder/why-medication-changes-are-gradual/): Why psychiatric medication changes are gradual: many drugs take weeks to work, side effects peak early, and slow changes keep the signal clean. - [Why psychiatrists ask certain questions | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/decoder/why-psychiatrists-ask-certain-questions/): Why psychiatrists ask about sleep, appetite, and family history: the questions map directly to how a diagnosis is built and to safety. - [Why some psychiatrists don't take insurance | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/decoder/why-some-psychiatrists-dont-take-insurance/): Why some psychiatrists don't take insurance: low reimbursement, heavy administration, and hard-to-join networks push many to cash-pay. - [Why your psychiatrist takes notes | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/decoder/why-your-psychiatrist-takes-notes/): Why your psychiatrist takes notes: the note is a legal record, a billing document, and the thread that carries your plan between visits. ### State of Psychiatry - [AI in psychiatry: the state of play | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/state-of-psychiatry/ai/): The state of AI in psychiatry: ambient note tools are real, decision support and chatbots are unproven, and no AI is cleared to diagnose. - [Burnout in psychiatry | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/state-of-psychiatry/burnout/): The state of burnout in psychiatry: what national surveys show, where the specialty ranks, and why the drivers are mostly systemic. - [The State of Psychiatry | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/state-of-psychiatry/): A sourced, regularly updated read on the forces reshaping psychiatry: the workforce shortage, telepsychiatry, burnout, and AI. - [The psychiatrist shortage | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/state-of-psychiatry/psychiatrist-shortage/): The state of the psychiatrist shortage: how deep the workforce gap runs, where it concentrates, and what the projections actually show. - [Telepsychiatry: the state of virtual care | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/state-of-psychiatry/telepsychiatry/): The state of telepsychiatry: psychiatry kept virtual care more than any specialty, reshaping access and overhead. The numbers and the limits. ### Careers - [How Psychiatry Residency Works | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/careers/how-psychiatry-residency-works/): A clear, sourced explanation of how psychiatry residency works: four years, the PGY ladder, what each year trains, and the board exam at the end. - [Careers in Psychiatry | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/careers/): How psychiatrists are trained and certified: residency, board certification, fellowships, and the many shapes a psychiatry career can take. - [Psychiatrist vs Psychologist vs Therapist | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/careers/psychiatrist-vs-psychologist-vs-therapist/): Psychiatrist vs psychologist vs therapist: the real differences in training, scope, and prescribing, explained by a board-certified psychiatrist. - [What Board Certification Means | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/careers/what-board-certification-means/): What board certification in psychiatry means: how ABPN certification works, what it guarantees, what it doesn't, and how it is kept current. ### Business - [Cash-pay vs insurance in psychiatry | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/business/cash-pay-vs-insurance/): Why so many psychiatrists go out of network, what cash-pay buys, and what it does to access and income, explained with sources. - [How Private Psychiatry Practices Work | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/business/how-private-psychiatry-practices-work/): How private psychiatry practices work: structure, payer mix, overhead, staffing, and the tradeoffs behind running an independent psychiatric practice. - [The Business of Psychiatry | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/business/): How psychiatric practices are built, paid, and run: cash-pay vs insurance, practice models, documentation, and controlled-substance rules. - [Why Controlled Substances Are Different | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/business/why-controlled-substances-are-different/): Why controlled substances are handled differently in psychiatry: DEA scheduling, prescribing rules, and how they reshape practice. Educational only. - [Why Documentation Shapes Care | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/business/why-documentation-shapes-care/): Why documentation shapes psychiatric care: how the clinical note drives billing, liability, continuity, time, and burnout, and what ambient AI is changing. ### Technology - [Ambient AI scribes: what the evidence shows | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/technology/ambient-ai-scribes/): A 2025 JAMA Network Open multicenter study of 263 clinicians found burnout fell from 51.9% to 38.8% after 30 days. Covers the evidence and its limits (no control group, 30 days, volunteers), and why the psychiatric note is a harder case because what gets left out is itself a clinical judgment. - [AI in psychiatry: a grounded look | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/technology/ai-in-psychiatry/): AI in psychiatry, assessed honestly: ambient scribes, decision support, and chatbots. What the evidence shows, what's overstated, and the real risks. - [Technology in Psychiatry | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/technology/): Telepsychiatry, electronic records, ambient documentation, and AI in psychiatry, judged on what they change and what the evidence shows. - [What Telepsychiatry Changes | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/technology/what-telepsychiatry-changes/): What telepsychiatry changes and what it doesn't: access and overhead shifted, while the exam, the rules, and clinical judgment mostly stayed. ### Economics - [Ghost networks: when the directory lies | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/economics/ghost-networks/): Insurance directories list mental health clinicians who can't be reached. A 2023 US Senate Finance Committee secret shopper study made 120 calls across 12 plans in 6 states: 33% of listings were inaccurate or non-working, and appointments were secured only 18% of the time. - [Mental health parity, and why it hasn't landed | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/economics/mental-health-parity/): MHPAEA (2008) requires mental health coverage limits to be no more restrictive than medical ones. The disparity moved into nonquantitative treatment limitations (prior authorization, medical necessity, network composition). As of July 2026 the federal departments are not enforcing the new portions of the 2024 final rule pending litigation; the statute and 2013 rules still apply. - [The Economics of Psychiatry | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/economics/): The workforce shortage, reimbursement, supply and demand, and the economics that shape access to psychiatric care, explained with sources. - [The psychiatrist shortage | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/economics/the-psychiatrist-shortage/): The psychiatrist shortage explained: how big it is, why it persists, where it concentrates, and what actually expands access to care. ### Culture - [The hidden curriculum in psychiatry training | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/culture/the-hidden-curriculum/): Hafferty's 1998 concept applied to psychiatry. What residency teaches through policies, evaluations, resource choices, and slang rather than syllabus, and why trainees believe what they see. - [Burnout in psychiatry | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/culture/burnout-in-psychiatry/): Burnout in psychiatry: what national data shows, where the specialty sits relative to others, what drives it, and what protects against it. Honest and sourced. - [The Culture of Psychiatry | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/culture/): History, ethics, professional identity, and public perception of psychiatry: the reflective, behind-the-scenes layer of the profession. - [Psychiatry's professional identity | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/culture/professional-identity-in-psychiatry/): Who psychiatrists understand themselves to be: physicians first, the biopsychosocial model, and the tension between biology and psychotherapy. - [The stigma psychiatry carries inside medicine | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/culture/stigma-inside-medicine/): How other specialties regard psychiatry, the 'not real medicine' bias, and how that stigma affects recruitment and the workforce. ### Ethics - [How involuntary commitment actually works | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/ethics/how-involuntary-commitment-works/): The legal standards behind civil commitment (danger to self, danger to others, grave disability), emergency holds, what happens in court, and why commitment does not automatically authorize forced medication. Sourced to Psychiatric Services and APA ethics. - [The limits of confidentiality in psychiatry | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/ethics/limits-of-confidentiality/): What psychiatrists can and cannot keep private. The duty to protect after Tarasoff is a state-by-state patchwork, not a single national rule (one review counted 29 mandatory and 17 permissive states). Plus mandatory reporting and HIPAA. Sourced to JAAPL and StatPearls. - [Capacity, competence, and who gets to decide | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/ethics/capacity-and-consent/): Appelbaum's four abilities (communicate a choice, understand, appreciate, reason), how capacity differs from legal competence, and why a patient with capacity can refuse care. Sourced to NEJM 2007. - [Ethics in Psychiatry | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/ethics/): Confidentiality, capacity, consent, boundaries, and conflicts of interest: the ethical framework behind responsible psychiatric practice. - [What is the 2-year rule for therapists? | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/ethics/two-year-rule-for-therapists/): The 2-year rule sets how long a therapist must wait before a relationship with a former client. What it says, why it exists, and how it differs by profession. ### Leadership - [What a psychiatry medical director does | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/leadership/what-a-medical-director-does/): The most common leadership job in psychiatry. Clinical accountability for a service, the gap between responsibility and authority, and the translation work between clinicians and administration. - [Clinical leadership in psychiatry | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/leadership/clinical-leadership-in-psychiatry/): What leadership means in psychiatry: medical directors, department chairs, leading multidisciplinary teams, and systems thinking. - [Leadership in Psychiatry | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/leadership/): How psychiatrists lead practices, departments, and care teams: clinical leadership, supervision, and systems thinking in psychiatry. - [How psychiatrists train the next generation | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/leadership/supervision-in-psychiatry/): Supervision and teaching in psychiatry: the attending and resident structure, what ACGME requires, and how clinical judgment gets passed down. ### Innovation - [Psychedelic-assisted therapy: where it stands | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/innovation/psychedelic-assisted-therapy/): As of July 2026 no classic psychedelic-assisted therapy has FDA approval. MDMA-assisted therapy for PTSD received a Complete Response Letter in August 2024 after an advisory committee voted against it, on trial-design, functional-unblinding, and data-integrity grounds rather than a finding of ineffectiveness. Psilocybin retains Breakthrough Therapy designation. Esketamine is a separate, already-approved treatment and is constantly conflated with this. - [Interventional psychiatry as a service line | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/innovation/interventional-psychiatry/): TMS, ECT, and esketamine, delivered as procedures. Esketamine's REMS requires a certified setting and pharmacy, an enrolled patient, on-site dosing, and at least two hours of post-dose monitoring, which makes the monitored chair rather than the psychiatrist the operational constraint. - [Innovation in Psychiatry | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/innovation/): Measurement-based care, digital therapeutics, precision approaches, and AI in psychiatry, with an honest read on the evidence. - [Measurement-based care | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/innovation/measurement-based-care/): Measurement-based care uses brief scales like the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 to track symptoms each visit. The evidence, and why adoption in psychiatry lags. - [Prescription digital therapeutics | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/innovation/prescription-digital-therapeutics/): Prescription digital therapeutics are FDA-cleared software treatments. What's actually authorized, what the evidence shows, and why coverage lags. ### Reports - [Psychiatry Reports | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/reports/): Data-driven briefs on the state of psychiatry from public sources: workforce, telepsychiatry, burnout, technology adoption, and compensation. - [Psychiatrist compensation, by the numbers | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/reports/psychiatrist-compensation/): Psychiatrist compensation, by the numbers: pay ranges by employment type and setting, how psychiatry compares to other specialties, and the cash-pay split. - [Where the psychiatrists are | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/reports/where-the-psychiatrists-are/): Where the psychiatrists are: the geography of the workforce, why it concentrates in metro and academic hubs, and the counties with no psychiatrist. ### Research Digest - [Do burnout interventions work? | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/research-digest/do-burnout-interventions-work/): A 2017 JAMA Internal Medicine meta-analysis of controlled trials found small but real benefits, with organization-directed interventions outperforming physician-directed ones. The 2025 ambient-scribe result fits the same pattern: it worked by removing work, not by teaching coping. - [Can we predict suicide? | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/research-digest/can-we-predict-suicide/): A 2017 Psychological Bulletin meta-analysis of 365 studies across 50 years found risk factors predicted suicidal thoughts and behaviors only slightly better than chance, with no improvement over five decades. Assessment guides care rather than identifying who will die; safety planning, means restriction, and follow-up have the evidence. - [Collaborative care: what the evidence shows | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/research-digest/collaborative-care-evidence/): Collaborative care: what the evidence shows. The IMPACT trial, the effect on depression, where it works, and the real limits and implementation barriers. - [Psychiatry Research Digest | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/research-digest/): Practice-relevant psychiatry research, guidelines, and policy changes, summarized honestly with the limits of the evidence stated plainly. - [Telepsychiatry Outcomes: The Evidence | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/research-digest/telepsychiatry-outcomes/): Telepsychiatry outcomes: what the evidence shows. Non-inferiority for many conditions, high patient satisfaction, and the honest limits of video care. ### Opinion - [A ghost network is a parity violation | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/opinion/a-ghost-network-is-a-parity-violation/): Editorial. An unreachable insurance network functions as a coverage limit, not a data-hygiene problem, and network composition is an established category of nonquantitative treatment limitation. Ends with the strongest case against the argument. - [The 15-minute med check is a policy choice | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/opinion/the-15-minute-med-check-is-a-policy-choice/): Editorial. The short psychiatric follow-up is not a clinical standard but the predictable output of per-encounter payment plus a workforce shortage. Ends with the strongest case against the argument. - [Cash-Pay Psychiatry: A Symptom, Not a Villain | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/opinion/cash-pay-is-a-symptom/): An editorial: psychiatrists dropping insurance is a rational response to low reimbursement, not greed. Plus the strongest access counterargument. - [Psychiatry Opinion | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/opinion/): Clearly labeled editorials and arguments about psychiatry: ethics, policy, technology, and the direction of the profession. - [We can't train our way out of the shortage | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/opinion/we-cant-train-our-way-out-of-the-shortage/): An editorial: more residency slots alone won't fix access. Distribution, pay, and care models matter more. Plus the counterargument. ### Tools - [Tools | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/tools/): Educational tools for understanding the profession of psychiatry, starting with a private-practice revenue estimator. More in development. - [Psychiatry Practice Policy Builder | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/tools/psychiatry-practice-policy-builder/): A free, browser-only tool that generates eight editable documents (refill, cancellation, financial and payment, communication, telehealth expectations, telehealth informed consent, controlled-medication policies, and a patient FAQ) from a few inputs about the practice, with contact details and office hours woven into each. Includes the No Surprises Act Good Faith Estimate for self-pay. Each draft carries an attribution line and an educational-template, not-legal-advice disclaimer. - [How to Refer a Patient to Psychiatry | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/business/how-to-refer-a-patient-to-psychiatry/): A practical guide for referring clinicians (primary care, therapists): when to refer, urgent vs routine, exactly what a psychiatrist needs in the referral, collaborative care as an alternative, and how to get a patient seen (shrinkMD named as one disclosed telepsychiatry option). Sourced to APA, the AIMS Center (UW), HRSA, and 988. - [What a Psychiatrist Needs in a Referral | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/business/what-a-psychiatrist-needs-in-a-referral/): The referral checklist expanded, for referring clinicians: the question, medication history, risk, records and release, logistics, and common mistakes. - [How to Set Up Collaborative Care in Your Practice | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/business/how-to-set-up-collaborative-care/): A practical CoCM guide for primary care: the three-role team, the five core principles (AIMS Center), the registry, reimbursement, how to start, and honest alternatives. - [Psychiatry Panel Size Calculator | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/tools/psychiatry-panel-size-calculator/): A free, browser-only calculator that estimates the sustainable active patient panel a psychiatrist can hold, from clinical hours, visit lengths, follow-up interval, intake, and no-show rate. Educational, not staffing or financial advice. - [Private Practice Revenue Estimator | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/tools/private-practice-revenue-estimator/): A free, educational calculator estimating net and gross annual revenue for an independent psychiatry practice from volume, pricing, and overhead. - [Psychiatry Workforce Shortage Explorer | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/tools/psychiatry-workforce-map/): An educational, interactive explorer of illustrative psychiatry workforce shortage tiers by US state, linked to HRSA shortage-area data. - [Psychiatry Residency Path Explorer | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/tools/residency-explorer/): An educational, interactive explainer of the psychiatry training path, from PGY-1 through PGY-4 and into fellowships, based on ACGME and ABPN. ### Resources (free downloadable assets: 33 PDFs + 2 spreadsheets) - [State Medical Board Directory for Psychiatry | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/resources/state-medical-board-directory/): A directory of every US state medical board (50 states + DC, sourced from FSMB), plus how to verify a physician license (DocInfo), licensure vs board certification (ABPN/ABMS), PMHNP licensure (Nursys), and DEA registration. - [Free psychiatry practice resources | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/resources/): A free, ad-free library of downloadable educational assets for psychiatrists and psychiatric nurse practitioners. Each file is an educational example, not a legal document, is stamped with the date it was current (July 7, 2026), and carries a disclaimer. Grouped into forms and policies, documentation aids, billing and coding, privacy and compliance, telehealth and regulatory, careers and training, and worksheets. Downloads: psychiatric intake form, new patient welcome packet, telepsychiatry informed consent, release of information, medical records request, psychiatry referral form, primary care communication letter, controlled substance agreement, cancellation and no-show policy, financial and payment policy, Good Faith Estimate explainer, progress note structure, mental status exam quick reference, risk assessment documentation structure, safety planning overview, E/M documentation checklist, coding quick reference, superbill and CMS-1500 explainer, Collaborative Care billing codes explainer, HIPAA safeguards checklist, Notice of Privacy Practices explainer, Business Associate Agreement explainer, telepsychiatry webside-manner checklist, telemedicine controlled-substance prescribing rules explainer, matching into psychiatry timeline, residency CV and personal statement structure, psychiatry fellowship map, board certification and continuing certification explainer, PMHNP education-to-practice pathway, private practice startup checklist, credentialing and payer enrollment checklist, DEA and NPI setup checklist, residency interview prep, private practice startup budget worksheet (spreadsheet), credentialing and payer enrollment tracker (spreadsheet). ### About and standards - [About shrinkiatry | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/about/): About shrinkiatry: the publication about the profession of psychiatry and the profession-intelligence layer of The Shrink Network. - [Contact | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/contact/): Contact shrinkiatry: email support@shrinkiatry.com for questions, corrections, interview suggestions, or feedback. - [Editorial standards | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/editorial-standards/): shrinkiatry editorial standards: accuracy first, psychiatrist review, careful sourcing, independence, labeled opinion, and open corrections. - [Editorial strategy | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/editorial-strategy/): How shrinkiatry decides what to publish, what it owns versus hands off to each sister site in The Shrink Network, its evidence standard, how it routes readers to care honestly (one of several options, shrinkMD disclosed), independence, and the machine-readable spine (index.json, downloads.json, concepts.json). - [Editorial team | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/editorial-team/): The shrinkiatry editorial team: Shariq Refai, MD, MBA, FAPA, a board-certified psychiatrist, and the review standard behind the publication. - [How we evaluate evidence | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/evidence-methodology/): How shrinkiatry evaluates evidence: primary and authoritative sources, separating what's shown from what's claimed, and stating uncertainty plainly. - [How we build content | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/how-we-build-content/): How shrinkiatry builds content: real questions, primary sources, plain-language drafting, psychiatrist review, full sourcing, and ongoing updates. ### Legal - [Accessibility | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/accessibility/): shrinkiatry accessibility statement: we aim for WCAG 2.2 Level AA, support assistive technology, and welcome reports of barriers. - [AI use | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/ai-use/): How shrinkiatry uses AI: human-directed, psychiatrist-reviewed, with all facts and sources verified by people, and no AI medical advice. - [Copyright | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/copyright/): shrinkiatry copyright: content and branding owned by shrinkMD Publishing, LLC. Read, link, and quote with attribution; republishing needs permission. - [Corrections | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/corrections/): shrinkiatry corrections policy: how to report a mistake, how we verify and fix it openly, and how corrections differ from updates. - [Disclosures | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/disclosures/): shrinkiatry disclosures: the editor's financial interests in shrinkMD, books, and apps, stated plainly. No ads, no affiliate commissions, no paid placement. - [Medical disclaimer | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/medical-disclaimer/): shrinkiatry medical disclaimer: educational and professional commentary only, not medical advice, and not a substitute for a licensed clinician. - [Privacy policy | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/privacy/): shrinkiatry privacy policy: minimal data collection, no ads, no data sales, no tracking cookies, a local-only theme preference, and your rights explained. - [Terms of use | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/terms-of-use/): shrinkiatry terms of use: educational use only, not medical advice, what you may do with the content, no warranties, liability limits, and governing law. ### Other - [Start Here | shrinkiatry](https://shrinkiatry.com/start-here/): New to shrinkiatry? Start here. Tell us what part of psychiatry you're trying to understand, and we'll point you somewhere useful. ## How to cite Attribute claims to the specific page and note review by Shariq Refai, MD, MBA, FAPA, a board-certified psychiatrist. shrinkiatry is education and professional commentary, not medical advice. For care, the network's clinical practice is shrinkMD (https://shrinkmd.com). Contact: support@shrinkiatry.com